Paper: TrainingTroubleshooting Guide For Plunger Systems

Plunger lift has become a very popular and economical artificial lift alternative, especially in high GLR gas and oil wells. Success in plunger lift systems depends on proper candidate identification, good wellbore mechanical integrity, and the effectiveness of the production or lease operator. This paper will focus on the production operator, and describe the basic principles necessary for effective training and the sound operation of a plunger lift system. In many instances the plunger controller is the main focus of training. However, a clear understanding of why a plunger system is needed, the proper operating parameters, and the relationship of IPR curves and unloading rates are more important to effective operator training. If an operator does not clearly understand these principles, a plunger system is unlikely to be operated at peak efficiency. Knowing how a gas well loads up, what options exist to remedy this problem, and what the remedies actually accomplish are necessary to maximize efficiency and profits. This paper describes foundational principles required to understand and operate a plunger lift system, and explains some common misconceptions. Also included are a description of plunger parts that need to be maintained, a parts "survival kit", a description of some common problems to plunger operation, and a basic trouble-shooting chart. With this information an operator will be able to keep a plunger system running efficiently in order to maximize well production.