Paper: Special Acids and additives To Relieve Well Bore Restrictions

Permeability reduction in the critical zone (one to three feet) surrounding the well bore will seriously reduce production of liquid or gas. The permeability reduction can be caused by such things as mud and cement contamination, migration of formation particles, and deposition of material from water or oil. The removal of the damage and the restoration of the permeability in this critical zone requires the use of special acids and additives. It is first necessary to determine the cause of permeability reduction. With this knowledge, the proper materials and techniques can be applied to remove damage and restore permeability.